![]() ![]() It is axiomatic that every currently living thing evolved as part of a working association of plants and animals (see Taylor, 1949). Although the dynamics of natural ecosystems are too little understood, biological investigations since 1920 have revealed relationships sufficiently consistent for guidance in many aspects of resource use. The progression of changes was monitored by climate, conditioned by the substrate, and often modified or suspended by the influences of animals or aboriginal man. It appears reasonable to assume that most such communities represented a stage in a developmental series of types trending toward stability. The coming of Caucasian man to North America vastly altered the complex of pristine plant-animal communities. What can be done at present often is indicated by past events, insofar as these can be interpreted reliably. Managing wildlife resources is largely a problem in land and water use. ![]()
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